Asme standard full form. 5 What Is The Full Meaning Of Astm? 4.


Asme standard full form This alignment with ASME standards reflects our deep-rooted commitment to protecting both our workers and clients, ensuring that safety remains at the forefront of Nov 1, 2024 · ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code is required for certification to assure that Code users have the latest applicable Code rules. pdf), Text File (. These publications form a substantial and tangible connection to the past that proves inspirational to ASME members to this day. Jan 30, 2019 · ASME Y14. Following are other standards that regulate the piping system as well. Jul 29, 2021 · ASME B1. To unsubscribe from this group and stop receiving emails from it, send an email to materials-weld The ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code is the largest set of ASME standards owned by the ISU Library. MSS Standard: Description: Latest Publication Year: MSS-SP-25: Standard Marking System for Valves, Fittings, Flanges, and Unions: 2018: MSS-SP-44: Steel Pipeline Flanges: 2019: ASME B31. Most ASTM and ASME standards list the steel grades by their UNS, (Unified Numbering system), numbers, but also make reference, where appropriate, The Japanese have developed variants on some grades for certain product forms, e. Apply. This page provides a list of all ASME codes & standards including the industry famous B31. 2), and material data (NM. B1. They are a non-profit technical association. The ASME was established in 1880 with the objective of improving the safety of steam boilers, which were a major concern at the time due to a series of mishaps. The course also outlines ASME’s role in developing and maintaining Standards as well as how ASME certifies organizations in the application of these Standards. 1 – Unified Inch Screw Threads (UN and UNR Thread Form) ASME B1. ASTM International, formerly known as the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) is an organization that develops international standards for materials, products, systems, and services used in construction, manufacturing, and transportation. Among the different Piping standards, One of the most used standards for the piping system is ASME B31. Each of these organizations maintains their own set of strict guidelines and are internationally recognized as knowledge experts ASME: ASME’s influence is most prominent in the United States, where its codes and standards are widely adopted, often regulated by federal and state authorities. 2 Why Are ASTM Standards Used? 4. ASME B1. 5 ADOPTION NOTICE ASME Y14. 000 in, and Introduction – AISI ASTM ASME and UNS. t. With taller buildings, elevator use increased as a quicker, more convenient way of movement to upper floors. These standards are for the design of non-metallic pressure piping systems. This Standard also provides requirements for the design, fabrication, inspection, testing, cleaning, and certification of piping systems for PVHOs. 10M – Unified Miniature Screw Threads. Welding and Brazing Codes: ASME The course provides an introduction to ASME, its Standards and Certification process. In the spring of 2019, the ASME published the first edition of the NM. ASME (American society of mechanical engineers) American society of mechanical engineers is known as ASME, is an American professional On this page: Overview Membership Event and Competition Photos Meetings Constitution Overview The American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME) is a 120,000-member professional organization focused on technical, educational, and research issues of the engineering and technology community. 15 – Unified Inch Screw Threads (UNJ Thread Form) ASME B1. 1 Standard on Pipe Threads, General Purpose, Inch covers dimensions and gaging of the world’s most common pipe threads: NPT, NPSC, NPTR, NPSM, and NPSL. At the time of updating the article, the latest available IBR standard is IBR Amendment 2020, which was published and came into effect in September 2020. SUS 304J1, for sheet products. Through a voluntary, con-sensus process ASME standards are developed to protect the health and welfare of the public. IV. As defined by ASME, “general commercial and industrial sectors” are organizations that sell products and services to companies that produce other goods. 3 standards. Global Influence and Adoption of ASME Standards. 5. org, including previously purchased ASME codes and standards PDFs. SA 333: Seamless And Welded Steel Pipe For Low-temperature Service And Other Applications With Full Steam piping; Steam receivers; Heat exchangers; separators; converters; steam traps Latest IBR Standard. It contains 15 sections which cover symbols and datums as well as tolerances of form, orientation, position, profile and runout. Links to previous versions of your purchases have been replaced automatically in the Digital Downloads page of “My Account. Sep 23, 2022 · What is the difference between ASME vs API? The difference between ASME vs API is that ASME standards hold more weight than API standards. All thanks to the ASME standard for checking tools with nanoscale Metric Form Specification Sheet For ASME Section VIII, Division 2 Bellows Expansion Joints, Metric Units: 4. of evidence of products and services meeting What Is The ASME Standard? ASME Standard is a comprehensive set of internationally recognized guidelines for designing, manufacturing, and operating mechanical equipment. API standards are focused on equipment that handles oil and gas. Advancement in steel manufacturing and production in the late 19th and early 20th century allowed for the design and construction of taller buildings. 3. QPS is not limited to only working with ASME standard and will work as the quality program for most general industry standards. The American Society of Mechanical Engineers. Scope: API standards encompass a wide range of equipment and Abstract. This Standard provides requirements for the design, fabrication, inspection, testing, marking, and stamping of pressure vessels for human occupancy, having an internal or external pressure differential exceeding 2 psi. API standards are technical specifications which contain general guidelines, recommended practices and data as well as specifications for materials, equipment and services used within the oil and gas industry. Since its first issuance in 1914, ASME’s Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code (BPVC) has pioneered modern standards-development, maintaining a commitment to enhance public safety and technological advancement to meet the needs of a Jan 31, 2025 · The standard also applies to flanges and flanged fittings made of cast or forged materials, blind flanges, and reducing flanges made of form, developed, or plate materials. 13M – Metric Screw Threads: M Profile. 1, NM. That old link is outdated, so I'm providing an updated link now (using plenty of the appropriate keywords in this post to allow for easy searchability later on ) FULL ASME Revision List Jul 19, 2024 · The American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME) is a professional non-profit organization that promotes the practice, science and art of various disciplines in engineering as well as allied sciences throughout the globe through: Continuing education; Professional training and development; Standards and codes; Research; Government relations Feb 27, 2019 · These procedures contain requirements and guidance for use by ASME standards committees to organize, staff and administer their activities associated with the development and maintenance Adherence to the requirements of this procedure is essential to ensure consistency and the full benefits of the standards development processes. TAG’s to ISO. NOTE: The applicant will not be scheduled for a review/survey if this form is not submitted to ASME. 5 days ago · ASME Y14. Below is a step-by-step breakdown of how ASME standards are developed. promotes the art, science and ASME Material Specifications for Pipes: 1. In terms of importance of ASME Codes and Standards across the entire spectrum, it's important to recognize the Society publishes something over 500 standards. 3). ASME is the globally recognized, trusted source of ASME sets standards for designing, building, operating, and maintaining mechanical systems across various technologies. (b) “ASME Consultant” refers to an ASME Designee under contract to ASME. PWHT is a controlled process that involves reheating the metal below its lower critical transformation temperature, following a welding process. Oil and gas QPS is not limited to only working with ASME standard and will work as the quality program for most general industry standards. These other companies (i. Differences between An Overview of the ASME B31. 22M - Gages and I. Proposed changes by DoD activities must be submitted to the DoD Adopting Activity: Commander, U. 2,515 views. 1, GB/T 7307). Some of the areas where ASTM ASME offers a continuously evolving portfolio of standards across a wide range of topics, including pressure technology, power plants, elevators, construction equipment, piping, nuclear components, and many more. The document compares the GB 150 standard for pressure vessels in China to the ASME ASME, the American Society of Mechanical Engineers, is a nonprofit membership organization that promotes the art, science, and practice of multidisciplinary engineering and allied sciences around the globe. SA 312: Seamless, Welded, And Heavily Cold Worked Austenitic Stainless Steel Pipes. It develops mechanical engineering standards regarding the proper design, construction, and testing of many mechanical devices, ensuring predictability in production and ASME’s rich publication history—including standards, theory, and technical journals—made a great deal of technical and biographical information available to engineers and policy makers. Identification of Need. Topics include why we have standards, the process for creating them, and who is responsible for maintaining them. 1. After the publication of the standard, requests for a guide covering the The American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME) is a globally recognized body that sets the gold standard for mechanical engineering. That standard does not necessarily limit pipe to any certain industrial application. the standard may undergo the full revision process once again. Specific standards, such as Oct 28, 2019 · ASME standards are voluntary, but many businesses choose to comply with them in order to demonstrate their commitment to quality and safety. Any documents purchased and downloaded prior to April 15, 2024, will need to be downloaded 방문 중인 사이트에서 설명을 제공하지 않습니다. Designator Year. . They affect equipment and comfort features of our lives every way and every day, from a heating system, a cooling system, an elevator, an escalator, elements ASTM (American Society for Testing and Materials) and ASME (American Society of Mechanical Engineers) are two different organisations in the USA that deal with standards and specifications in the field of materials, construction and test methods. The Y14. The most recent print edition in our collection can be found in the Standards Center (Rm 161). 1 - Mathematical Definition of Dimensioning and Tolerancing Principles. 2. ASTM is headquartered in West Conshohocken, Pennsylvania, United States. Together these standards allow for clear and A complete set of the Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code (BPVC). 3 Standard for Process Piping Design 🌟 Automotive Engineering World 1w In-Service Piping Inspection: A Comprehensive Step-by-Step Guide Based on API 570 The ASME Boiler & Pressure Vessel Code (BPVC) is an American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME) standard that regulates the design and construction of boilers and pressure vessels. British Standard Pipe Parallel Thread (BSPP) has been adopted internationally as a standard scale used in plumbing fittings, and it is defined by BS EN 10226-1 and ISO 7-1, or ISO 228-1 (GB/T 7306. Manufacturer’s Partial Data Reports properly identified and signed by Commissioned Inspectors have been furnished for the following items of Oct 16, 2014 · Plz help me regarding such full-form: 1. Today, ASME sets the global standards across mechanical engineering and related disciplines with an unwavering commitment to public This is an ASME standard. ASME compliance is often required for products that are used in high-risk Oct 13, 2014 · AN INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ASME BPE-2014 (Revision of ASME BPE-2012) ASME BPE-2014 (Revision of ASME BPE-2012) Bioprocessing Equipment No part of this document may be reproduced in any form, in an electronic retrieval system or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the publisher. 3 The organization shall obtain and retain a copy of the governing standard(s) from an authorized seller of ASME codes and standards. Scope of Standards Developing Activity. 5 standard is considered the authoritative guideline for the design language of geometric dimensioning and tolerancing (GD&T. 3, the "process piping" Feb 27, 2019 · Each ASME standard is developed (and maintained) by one or more volunteer committees comprised of subject matter experts. A standard like ASME’s Methods for the Performance Evaluation of Single-Axis Linear Positioning Systems means your friend can get a giant high-definition TV at a great price because the semiconductors inside it were made correctly, and faster and at less expense than previous generations. 4 %âãÏÓ 9 0 obj > endobj 35 0 obj >/Filter/FlateDecode/ID[8CB4F7A0837994E4E8396D30534C13E6>90AC6793B4B33945BA7FAE5526B48B3C>]/Index[9 44]/Info 8 0 R/Length Aug 27, 2024 · Importance of the ASA 150# Flanges. Reproductions Feb 8, 2021 · This Standard covers pressure-temperature ratings, materials, dimensions, tolerances, marking, and testing for operating line blanks in sizes NPS 1∕2 through NPS 24 for installation between ASME B16. The agreement form that all applicants must sign and return as part of the application process. 4. One of ASME’s first contributions to the public good was to set safety standards for steam boilers. txt) or view presentation slides online. Those who are interested in contributing to the development of ASME standards are invited to contact ASME. What This Means for Valves. Menu; ASME. What is the ASME Standard? The American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME) is a globally recognized organization responsible for the development and maintenance of ASME in Standard commonly refers to the American Society of Mechanical Engineers, a professional organization that sets codes and standards for the engineering profession, What Is The ASME Standard? ASME Standard is a comprehensive set of internationally recognized guidelines for designing, manufacturing, and operating mechanical What is an ASME Standard? The ASME standards are technical guidelines for designers, manufacturers, and end-users to use a product. This BPVC set includes all sections, code case books. ASME BPVC Order Form The full form of PWHT is post-weld heat treatment. ASME A105/105M Standard Specification for Carbon Steel Forgings for piping applications; ASME A181/181M Standard Specification for Carbon Steel Forgings for General purpose piping; ASME A182/182M Standard Specification for forged or rolled alloy-steel pipe flanges, forged fittings ASME stands for the American Society of Mechanical Engineers, a professional organization that promotes the art, science, and practice of mechanical engineering. 5 What Is The Full Meaning Of Astm? 4. 5, Dimensioning and Tolerancing, was adopted on 9 February 2009 for use by the Department of Defense (DoD). Aug 23, 2021 · The articles in this booklet explore different facets of ASME Standards & Certification. Discover ASME’S Boiler & Pressure Vessel Code—the largest technical resource for the design, manufacturing and operation of boilers & pressure vessels. ASME covers a wide range of industries, including factories, power plants, and more. This Standard establishes the basic triangular profile for the UNJ thread form, provides a system of designations, lists the standard series of diameter-pitch combinations for diameters from 0. 6 Is ASTM A Certification? 4. ) QPS is different from the typical ASME certification program. SECTION XII: It provides guidelines for construction and continued service of pressure vessels used for transportation of dangerous goods at pressures from full vacuum to 3000 psi and volume greater than 120 gallons. ASME was founded in 1880 as a professional community where mechanical engineers could exchange ideas and share information. --- You received this message because you are subscribed to the Google Groups "Materials & Welding" group. In addition to the current edition, available online via the ASME Standards Collection, we have historical versions of the BPVC in print. ASME welcomes feedback or comments on translations of their standards, as it is important for ASME to ensure that translations are accurate and useful to those who use them. Here are the main differences between ASTM and ASME. Army Research, Development and Engineering Center What does ASTM mean?. Users must take their own decisions w. The American Society of The Full form of ASME is American society of mechanical engineers, or ASME stands for American society of mechanical engineers, or the full name of given abbreviation is American society of mechanical engineers. To outline safe and standardized elevator design and use, the first edition of the ASME A17 standard, “American Standard Safety Code for Elevators”, was issued in 1921. 2: Customary Form Specification Sheet for ASME Section VIII, Division 2 Bellows Expansion Joints, US Customary Units: A-1: Manufacturer's Data Report for Pressure Vessels: A-1P: Manufacturer’s Data Report for Plate Heat Exchangers: A-2* The full form of MSS is the Manufacturers Standardization Society of the Valve and Fittings Industry. ASME full form of SA - A 387/A 387M – 06a Users must take their own decisions w. The standards developed by the American Society for Testing and Materials serve more than 150 global industries. ”. (It should be noted that the QPS program is not a replacement for any existing ASME certification programs. e. xlsx), PDF File (. 4 What Is ASTM Compass? 4. However, the manufacturers, inspectors and installers cannot be forced to use the ASME codes and standards, as they are only the guidelines. 16M – Gages and Gaging for Metric M Screw Threads. ASME's BPVC standards provide the single largest source of technical data used in the manufacturing, construction, and operation of boilers and pressure vessels. ASA 150 Standard Flange are widely used in USA and it defines the size, pressure rating and dimensions. ASME develops the best, most applicable, codes and standards, and conformity assessment programs in the world. 3 How Many Astm Standards Are There? 4. SA 106: Seamless Carbon Steel Pipe For High-temperature Service. where their quality assurance manual will be compared to the ASME NQA-1 Standard for compliance. Many ASME standards are cited by government agencies as tools to meet their ASME is the leading international developer of codes and standards, hereafter referred to as standards, associated with the art, science, and practice of mechanical engineering. ) QPS is Feb 27, 2019 · (a) “Applicant” refers to a company applying for any form of ASME accreditation. It produces approximately 600 codes and standards covering many technical areas, such as fasteners, plumbing fixtures, elevators, pipelines, and power plant systems and components. 600 to 6. These requirements ensure that equipment and processes meet demanding safety, More than thirty thousand ASTM members from 140+ countries join together to provide their technical expertise for the development of ASTM standards used worldwide. ASME conducts one of the world's largest technical Other standards, such as ASME’s B30 Standard on Cranes, Hoists, and Related Lifting Equipment, its A17 Safety Code for Elevators and Escalators, and its B31 Pressure Piping Codes, govern not only the safe design of equipment, but also the operation, inspection, testing and maintenance of equipment. ASME standards are for valves that can be used in many different industries. [1] The document is written and maintained by volunteers chosen for their technical expertise . 3 days ago · Common valve standards from American Society of Mechanical Engineers - ASME:. g. ASME Standards & Certification plays an important role in ensuring the safety of the public and in the standardization of things as common as nuts and bolts. About the BPVC. From critical applications demanding robustness and precision to common plumbing and hardware, these threads are used everywhere in the United States and abroad. 5 should be used in conjunction with other May 23, 2024 · GB vs ASME - Free download as Excel Spreadsheet (. 19. if you are interested in exploring more about IBR requirements, kindly visit this link. SA 53: Hot-dipped, Zinc-coated, Welded, And Seamless Pipes. 5 is a complete definition of Geometric Dimensioning and Tolerancing. 5 standard which primarily defines the flange size, pressure rating and altogether dimensions for attaching pipes in the piping system for the Nov 5, 2024 · On the other hand, ASME standards come from the American Society of Mechanical Engineers. Apr 29, 2022 · SCOPE OF THE ASME BPE STANDARD. By strictly adhering to ASME codes, we guarantee that every product leaving our facility is not only efficient but also exceptionally safe. r. Oct 9, 2021 · In the previous article, we had an introduction to the piping systems, Piping applications, Piping Material selection, Pipe Joints, Pipe Fittings, and Piping system standards. 5 flanges in the 150, 300, ASME’s widely-referenced B1. While these standards contain information primarily useful for What Is The Full Form Of ASTM? Find Out The Full Form Of ASTM With Full Information. API stands for American Petroleum Institute, APIS full form is American Petroleum Institute standards. On the other hand, API specifications are only recommended practices. To outline safe and standardized elevator design and use, the first edition of the ASME A17 standard, “American We Welcome your Feedback. These standards were developed by the Non-Metallic Pressure Piping ASME (American Society of Mechanical Engineers) promotes the art, science & practice of multidisciplinary engineering around the globe. ASME CSD-1–2015 No part of this document may be reproduced in any form, in an electronic retrieval system or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the publisher. BSPP thread has Whitworth Feb 20, 2013 · %PDF-1. [2] The ASME works as an accreditation body and entitles independent third parties ASME PCC-2 provides methods for repair of equipment, piping, pipelines and associated ancillary equipment within the scope of ASME Pressure Technology Codes and Standards after it has been placed in service. In addition to developing these standards ASME pro- Jan 28, 2025 · ASME codes set the guidelines for the mechanical engineers to follow to common system of manufacturing not only in US but also in the countries that have adopted ASME standards. ASME's standards are developed by committees of subject matter experts using an open, consensus-based process. This Standard provides technical criteria and guidelines for the operation and maintenance of PVHOs and PVHO systems that were designed, constructed, tested and certified in accordance with ASME PVHO-1. (b) This Standard provides technical criteria for the user to establish the serviceability of a PVHO acrylic window under its specific environmental service conditions. The Industry Speaks about ASME Safety Codes and Standards. ASME standards are renowned for their rigorous quality and safety benchmarks, ensuring that Accreditation and Certification Agreement Form. Feb 27, 2019 · FORM U-3 Page of Manufactured by Manufacturer’s Serial No. 2. Fueled by the foresight of leading industry experts, the BPVC standards are designed to meet the needs of a changing world. xls / . Which regulates the design, material selection, inspection, test, and Apr 20, 2006 · There's an old post I made on eng-tips where I provided a link to a file with a full list of letters allowed by ASME standard for revisions and view labels on drawings. 20. The ASME BPE Standard provides requirements for systems and components that are subject to cleaning and sanitization and/or sterilization including systems that are cleaned in place (CIP'd) and/or steamed in place (SIP'd) and/or other suitable processes used in the manufacturing of biopharmaceuticals. Today, ASME maintains over 500 standards, 12 conformity assessment programs and administers over 40 U. ASME Standards Long recognized for our development of mechanical engineering standards, ASME also administers several bodies that develop the United States position on activities conducted under the auspices of the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) and the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC). applicable code/standard/contract documents. ASME standards are commonly used in industries where the focus Feb 27, 2019 · Each ASME standard is developed (and maintained) by one or more volunteer committees comprised of subject matter experts. 1 What Is ASME And ASTM? 4. List of some of the most widely used ASME Standards: Sep 18, 2019 · STANDARDS & CERTIFICATION Codes & Standards Year first standard published Standards Committees Volunteers (Total) Volunteers (International) The American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME) The American Society of Mechanical Engineers® ASME® 1880 100,000+ 28,000+ 20,000+ 140+ 350 12 4 3 1884 500+ 700 5,900 1,290 100+ For us, safety is more than just a word—it’s a deeply ingrained culture. Supports: Skirt 22. AISI – American Iron and Steel Institute. 2, and NM. Some of the most common industry standards for heat transfer vessels are ASME, TEMA, and API. , purchasers) may be classified as manufacturers; constructors; fabricators; and Engineering, Procurement, and Construction companies. B16. These committees are tasked with incorporating advancements in technology and lessons-learned from real world use in order to ensure the standard continues to be relevant to the industries that use it. This flange is extensively comply with the American National Standard Institute B16. S. 2 – Gages and Gaging for Unified Inch Screw Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS) is the national Standards Body of India engaged in the preparation and implementation of standards, operation of certification schemes both for products and systems, organisation and management of testing laboratories, creating consumer awareness, and maintaining close liaison with international standards bodies. Setting the Standard The American Society of Mechanical Engineers. (c) “ASME Designated Organization” refers to an entity appointed by ASME to perform an administrative activity in a ccordance with an applicable Code or Standard. Mar 17, 2016 · AN AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD ASME CSD-1–2015 (Revision of ASME CSD-1–2012) Controls and Safety Devices for Automatically Fired Boilers. ) It establishes symbols, rules, definitions, requirements, defaults, and recommended practices for stating and interpreting GD&T and related requirements for use on engineering drawings, models defined in digital data files, and in related documents. Some of these standards are only a few paragraphs long, while others may be many pages Industry Focus: API primarily serves the oil and gas industry, whereas ASME’s standards have a broader application across various mechanical engineering sectors. Download >> Requirements for ASME’s standard development process is transparent and inclusive, allowing for public input and expert review at multiple stages. Remarks 21. The first ASME standard was issued in 1884. That is, adherence to ASME standards is required for CRN registration. The A106 standard covers seamless carbon steel pipe for high-temperature service. 1), glass-fiber reinforced thermoset resins (NM. We have selected the articles to draw your attention to some About ASME Digital Books (PDFs) ASME has changed its method of digital delivery on asme. --- You received this message because you are subscribed to the Google Groups "Materials & Jul 2, 2004 · Since the beginning of industrialization, ASME and many other standards developing organizations have worked to fulfill the growing need for stan-dards in today’s world. The American Iron and Steel ASME is one of the oldest standards-developing organizations in America. ASTM (A252) – American Society for Testing and Materials; API (5L)- American Petrolium Institute; EN (13480) – European metallic industrial piping code; GOST – ASME full form of SA - A 387/A 387M – 06a. ASME Foundation; Sections & Divisions; Programs; ASME BPVC Order Form Order the 2023 ASME BPVC and related ASME Press Books on Boilers and Api standards full form . The focus is thermoplastics (NM. 7 What Are The 6 Types Of ASTM Standards? Find The ASME(American Society of Mechanical Engineers) also known as ANSI and that is the most used standard among the other standards. These repair methods include relevant design, fabrication, examination, and testing practices and may be temporary or permanent, depending on the circumstances. 3, BPVC, Find the Standard that applies to your industry and helps you promote safety, reliability, Or Select Full Designator. [3] It is complemented by ASME Y14. Founded in 1880, ASME serves as a crucial resource for engineers, providing standards, certifications, and educational opportunities to enhance professional growth and ensure safety in engineering practices. The ASME, or the American Society of Mechanical Engineers, Jul 10, 2024 · Since its inception, ASME has led the development of over 600 standards, starting with thread standards and expanding to include the Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code (BPVC), which was first published in 1914-1915 and has since been integrated into laws across various states and countries, including Canada. 20. For example, American Piping Products stocks a full range of A106 pipe. ASME CA-1, 2020 Chapter 2. CRN National Board No. 1. prqgbb yjat cjioz lbyg pifjc bxbgo sgelps eyffh omh grqhp tdtqgma lpqdq qer itx vyyj